长期定位施肥对非石灰性潮土水分保持及腐殖质组成的影响

Effects of Long-term Located Fertilization on Water Holding and Humus Constitution of the Non-calcareous Fluro-aquic Soil

在非石灰性潮土26年的定位试验进行过程中,在12个不同处理CK、N1、N2、M1、M1N1、M1N2、M2、M2N1、M2N2、NP2K、N2P和N2K中,于2003年研究了长期定位施肥对非石灰性潮土水分保持及腐殖质组成的影响,结果表明,各施肥处理0～20cm土层土壤孔隙度皆高于不施肥对照处理,单施有机肥及其配施无机氮肥的处理比对照提高了11.49%～19.24%,土壤含水量与孔隙度呈显著正相关(r=0.7076*).有机肥配施无机氮肥能提高土壤中有机碳总量、胡敏酸碳、富里酸碳和胡敏素碳,最明显的是每年每公顷施含氮276kg有机肥配合施含氮276kg的无机氮肥,比不施肥增加了73.45%、198.58%、140.85%和39.35%.长期施用有机肥能提高胡敏酸的含量,施用无机化肥可提高富里酸降低胡敏酸的含量.可见长期有机肥与无机化肥合理配施可明显提高土壤的环境质量,增强土壤蓄水保肥能力.

This experiment was done in the 26 years fixed position experiment of non-calcareous fluro-aquic soil during the year of 2003,12 treatments were designed: CK?N1?N2?M1?M1N1?M1N2?M2?M2N1?M2N2?NPK?NP and NK. The soil water holding and humus constitution were studied. The results indicated that: soil porosity of every fertilization treatment in the depth of 0~20cm soil were all higher than that of check, the treatment of using organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer were 11.49%~19.24% times higher than check, the soil water content was positively related to soil porosity (r=0.7076*). Combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer can increase organic-C, humic acid-C,Fulvic acid-C,humic-C. Application of organic fertilizer (contain 18.4kg N) and combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (contain 18.4kg N) were 73.45%, 198.58%, 140.85% and 39.35% times than that of the treatment of non- application of organic fertilizer. Application organic fertilizer for long time can improve the content of humus, and inorganic fertilizer can enhance the content of Fulvic acid, decrease the content of humic acid. From above A combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer can improve soil physics properties and the ability of soil available nutrients and water-holding capacity.