包埋玻璃化法超低温保存植物种质的研究进展

Research Advances in Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm by Encapsulation-vitrification Method

包埋玻璃化法是在玻璃化法和包埋脱水法基础上发展起来的超低温保存植物种质的新技术。它具有能同时处理大量材料,处理后恢复生长快,对材料的毒害作用较小及成芽率高等优点,已成功地用于辣根、山嵛菜等20余种植物,在植物种质资源的保存上显示出了巨大的应用潜力。本文介绍了包埋玻璃化法产生的背景及其优点,阐述了包埋玻璃化法的基本方法和预培养、包埋、脱水、化冻及恢复培养等过程,比较了该法冻存后的效果和冻存后所形成植株的遗传稳定性,同时指出了进一步研究的重点。

Encapsulation-vitrification, a new method for cryopreservation of plant germplasm in recent years, was developed on the basis of vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration. It has many advantages over vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration, because more materials can be treated at the same time, growth is recovered more rapidly after treatment, it is less harmful to the material, and allows for a higher shoot regeneration rate. It has been successfully used to preserve more than 20 species, such as pear, horseradish and wasabi, and shows great applica- tion potential in the preservation of plant germplasm resources. This paper introduces the devel- opment and advantages of encapsulation-vitrification and the main methods and procedures such as preculture, encapsulation, dehydration, thawing and recovery of culture. The effects of freezing protection and the genetic stability of plant materials preserved with encapsulation- vitrification are discussed as well. Further research on encapsulation-vitrification of plant tissue is also suggested.