西部公路地质灾害预测预报信息系统

Information System of Highway Geologic Hazards Forecast in Western China

分析了地理信息系统在国内外的实际应用情况,并根据公路地质灾害的发生和监测管理存在的自身特点,提出开展公路地质灾害信息管理与决策支持系统研究的必要性,阐述了系统开发目标、应遵循的原则以及研究的关键技术,构架了基于GIS的公路地质灾害预测预报信息管理与决策支持系统。该系统以地质灾害的空间图形信息和属性信息为基础建立系统数据库,依托科学的数学评价、预测和预报模型以及GIS系统强大的空间分析能力,可以形象地表达公路地质灾害危险区划,准确地评价、预测和预报地质灾害,为西部公路建设管理部门有效控制地质灾害的发生、降低地质灾害造成的损失和整治灾害提供科学的决策依据。

This paper analyzes the actual application of the GIS (Geology Information System) at home and abroad. Based on the characteristics of highway geologic hazards and the supervision and management related to them, this paper presents the necessity of carrying out researches on the highway geologic hazards information management and decision making support system, describes the development target, principles and the key research technologies of the system, develops the GIS-based highway geologic hazards forecast information management and decision making support system. This system establishes the database based on the spatial graphic information and attribute information, which can vividly show the highway geologic hazards areas, correctly evaluate and forecast the geologic hazards supported by the scientific mathematical evaluation, forecast models and the strong spatial analytical capability, and can provide the scientific decision making bases for effectively controlling the geologic hazards, reducing the losses caused by the geologic hazards and bringing the geologic hazards under control.