小腿截肢患者不同路况下膝关节动态载荷研究

Dynamic Loads at Knee Joint of Trans-tibial Amputee on Different Terrains

研究截肢患者行走过程中的膝关节动态载荷是膝关节损伤康复和假肢设计的基础。本研究以小腿截肢患者为研究对象,建立了膝关节动态载荷三维计算模型,通过平地行走、上、下楼梯三种路况下的步态分析,对一个步态周期内的膝关节载荷进行了计算分析。结果表明,各种路况下患者的步态特征和膝关节载荷各不相同,虽然总体变化规律基本一致,但上下楼梯时的小腿运动范围、地面反力和膝关节载荷比平地行走时幅值较大。这些定量分析结果为小腿截肢患者步态分析和假肢设计提供了理论依据。

Dynamic loads at knee joint of amputee are fundamental for rehabilitation of knee injury and prosthesis design. In this paper, a 3-D model for calculation of dynamic load at knee joint of trans-tibial amputee was developed. Gait analysis was clone on three terrains including normal level walking, upstairs and downstairs. Dynamic loads at knee joint were calculated during one gait cycle, The results show that gait patterns and dynamic loads at knee joint were different among these three terrains. Although the general waveforms were about the same, the motion range of knee joint, ground reaction forces and loads at knee joint when walking upstairs or downstairs were larger than those in a normal level walking. The quantitative findings provide the theoretical basis of gait analysis and prosthesis design for trans-tibial amputee.