与宿主昆虫液化相关的杆状病毒基因及其蛋白

Baculovirus Genes and Their Proteins Related to the Liquefaction of the Host Insect

昆虫被杆状病毒感染后会发生液化现象,这有利于病毒向周围环境扩散。目前在杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒NPV和GV中,发现与昆虫宿主液化相关的基因有组织蛋白酶基因V-cath基因和几丁质酶基因。V-cath基因表达产物在苜蓿银纹夜蛾多角体病毒(AcMNPV)中能特异性降解昆虫细胞内的肌动蛋白。几丁质酶不仅参与了虫体体表面几丁质的降解,同时还参与V-CATH蛋白前体的加工过程,起分子伴侣的作用。对家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)的研究表明其FP25K基因表达产物通过影响组织蛋白酶的释放与分泌而参与虫体液化。简要综述了此3种基因及其表达产物的结构、功能与特性,并讨论了它们在生产上的应用前景。

Infection of larvae by baculovirus resulted in liquefaction of host insect; this is conducive to the spread of the virus to the environment. At present, it was found that cathepsin of V-cath gene and chitinase gene in baculovirus NPV and GV are related to the liquefaction of the insect host, The V-cath gene expression product of alfalfa silver noctuid polyhedrosis virus （AcMNPV） could specifically degrade actin in the cell of the insect. And chitinase not only participated in the degradation of surface chitin of insect body, at the same time it also participated in the processing of V-cath protein precursor playing the role of molecular mate. Study on polyhedrosis virus of silkworm （BmNPV） indicated that its FP25K gene expression product participated in the insect liquefaction through the effect of release and secretion of cathepsin. Three genes and their structures, functions, and specific characteristic of their expression products, and their application prospects in the production were summarized and discussed.