驯服印尼激进民族主义——肯尼迪政府对印尼的政策(1961-1963年)

Domesticating Indonesian Radical Nationalism: Kennedy Government's Policy towards Indonesia, 1961-1963

肯尼迪政府上台后调整了对印尼政策,在促成西伊利安争端和平解决之后,在印尼发起了新的一轮外交攻势,试图抓住当前美印(尼)关系的转机,通过经济手段加强印尼与西方联系的纽带,把印尼注意力由国际事务转向解决国内问题,以促进改造印尼民族主义,影响印尼政治构成和国内外政策的长远目标。这一时期,美国改造印尼民族主义的政策,英国维持在东南亚的势力与影响的目标,以及苏加诺在地区内部消除一切殖民主义残余的努力之间产生了错综复杂、难以调和的矛盾。印尼苏加诺政权对于来自美国的压力也不会轻易就范。肯尼迪政府的对印尼政策不免于以失望告终。

The Kennedy government modified its policy toward Indonesia after assuming power. After facilitating the peaceful solution of the dispute over West Irian, the Kennedy administration launched another round of diplomatic offensive against Indonesia, in order to take advantage of the present improvement in American - Indonesian relations to strengthen Indonesian political ties with the western countries by economic means;to shift Indonesian focus on international affairs to internal problems; and eventually to realize the long - range objectives of remodeling Indonesian nationalism and influencing Indonesian political structure and its domestic and foreign policies. During this period, there existed complicated and uncompromisable contradictions between US policy to alter Indonesian nationalism and British objective to maintain its presence and influence in Southeast Asia and Sukamo＇s attempts to eliminate all the colonialist remnants within the region. The Sukarno regime will not easily submit itself to the pressure from the USA. Kennedy administration＇s new initiatives in Indonesia will find no escape from the frustrating end.