螺旋型牙种植体下颌磨牙区种植的尝试

The implantation of screw-type dental implants in the mandibular molar region a preliminary clinical study

磨牙区种植对种植义齿修复,特别是下颌总义齿的稳固和(牙合)力均匀分布非常重要。但是,由于下颌管走行于下颌骨体中间,盲目种植会损伤下齿槽神经和血管。作者采取X线测量,根据所测下颌管上壁至牙槽嵴顶的距离,选用一定长度的固位钉作种植;和对骨吸收严重者由下颌管上方去除舌侧骨板,解剖游离该神经血管束将其避开,选长钉植入,可抵达下颌下缘皮质骨,解决了此类病人磨牙种植的难题。作者对磨牙区种植的适应证、手术方法及可能产生的并发症等进行了讨论。

The implantation in the molar region plays more important roles in the restoration of occlusion with implants, especially, in the stability of lower denture and the distribution of occlusive force,but it will tend to damage the inferior alveolar nerve and vessed if done blindly because the nerve and vessel is located within this region. To avoid this damagement, the authors employed the radiographic bone assessment to measure the distance of the mandibular canal upper border to the alveolar ridge and finally determine the proper length of fixture according to that. As to the case with a severe alveolar atrophy, however, the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle dissection must be used, performed by decortication of lingual cortex,and then the long fixtures were insented which could get to the mandibular inferior border. In additon,the authors also discussed the conditions, the procedure and the possible complications of this kind of implantation.