玉米灌浆结实期产量源库关系的研究

SOURCE AND SINK IN RELATION TO GRAIN YIELD DURING KERNEL GROWTH STAGE IN MAIZE

对玉米品种掖单１３和鲁玉１０进行剪叶剪穗试验。结果表明：在玉米籽粒灌浆绍实期，群体源库两因素均是产量的重要决定因素，但库的作用更大。其主要机理是叶面积的减少，库容的相对变大增强了净同化率，促进了茎鞘物质向籽粒的运转，使花后物质生产量、籽粒库容及其活力的减少小于叶面积的减少量；籽粒库容的减少因单位库容及活力的补偿能力小，相对小的库容降低了净同化率，使花后物质生产量近于剪穗量的减少而影响产量。比较多花型掖单１３和中花型鲁玉１０两个品种，剪叶减产作用掖单１３大于鲁玉１０。

In 1993～1994,the plants of maize cultivars Yidan13 and Luyun 10 were cut off foliage and ear shoots at silk-ing stage under field population condition in Yangzhou to investigate the source and sink in relation to the grain yield. Theresuls shown that during the grain growth stage,the sink and source both greatly affected on the grain yield also the sinkwas more than the source. Foliage removal that greater sink-source ratio made the NAR enhancement and the matter of leafsheath and stalk transform into the grains. Kernels removal that smaller sink-source ratio decreased the NAR and the drymatter production close to the kernels removal ratio. Yidan13 with more silks was compared to Luyun 10 with less silks,de-crease yield of foliage removal was Yidan13 more than Luyun 10 and that of kernels removal was Yidan 13 less thanLuyun 10.