秦王川大规模农垦中土壤风蚀初研

A Study on Soil Wind Erosion in Qinwangchuan Reclamation Area

正在大规模农垦中的秦王川为一较强风蚀区。旱地改水地过程中完全清除了砂砾覆盖层的新垦区土壤抗蚀能力极差，土壤侵蚀机理与强度产生了本质性变化，９０％左右的土壤物质有遭受风蚀和参与大气的远程输送的潜在威胁，风的阵性波动和风热条件组合吻合于耕播过程构成较强的侵蚀力。土壤日均侵蚀深度０．０３ｍｍ，月侵蚀量１２．２４ｔ／ｈｍ２。侵蚀过程表现为蚀积相互作用的结果，其与风速变化的关系并无明显规律，人类不合理的灌溉耕作过程是土壤侵蚀的主要因素。

Qinwangchuan,being brought under cultivation in a large scale,is a area of highererosion and margin of dryland farming in the process of improving dryland into irrigation farmswith clearing away the grit cover,soil material to be apt to be eroded by wind makes up about90%of reclaimed surface soils.The fitful blast and combination of wind and temperature comeinto a stronger erosive force.Soil mass loss is l2.24t/hm2 per month from winter to the next ear-ly summer,which results from the interaction of erosion and sediment。The change of wind ero-sion amount has no obviously relationship with wind speed,however the irrational human activi-ties in irrigation and cultivation are the main factors of wind erosion。