18个优质小麦品种(系)Glu-1、Glu-3和Gli-1位点的基因变异特点

Characterization of Glu-1、Glu-3 and Gli-1 Alleleic Variation of Storage Protein in 18 Quality Wheat Cultivars of China

为给小麦品质育种提供参考信息,选用我国18份有影响的优质面条和面包小麦品种或种质资源,通过分步法SDS-PAGE和改良A-PAGE分析了其Glu-1、Glu-3、Gli-1位点的基因变异特点。结果表明,由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基共14种图谱,其中,Glu-A1位点上优质亚基1和2*分别占61.1%和11.1%,Glu-B1位点上优质亚基14+15、7+8、17+18、13+16分别占27.8%、27.8%、22.2%、5.6%,Glu-D1位点上优质亚基5+10占55.6%。Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1位点上均为优质亚基的品种(系)有陕451(1,7+8,5+10)、95鉴5104(1,14+15,5+10)、陕优412(2*,7+8,5+10)、绵阳89-47(2*,13+16,5+10)以及中优16、冀5099、绵优1号、绵优2号(1,17+18,5+10),占参试品种的44.4%。由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基共12种图谱,小偃6号、PH82-2、陕253、80356、95鉴5104、郑农33等6个品种皆为“a,d,c”;由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白共12种图谱,小偃6号、PH82-2、陕优225、陕253、80356、中优16、95鉴5104等7个品种皆为“o,new,i”,即发现在Gli-B1位点是一个新等位基因。

The banding patterns of HMW-GS, LMW-GS and HMW gliadins of 18 quality wheat cultivars （lines） were analyzed using two-step SDS-PAGE and a modified A-PAGE to provide information for wheat quality breeding. 14 HWM-GS band patterns were encoded by Glu-1 locus, 61.1% and 11.1% of them were 1 and 2^＊ in Glu-A1 , 27.8%,27.8%,22.2% and 5.6% of them were 14＋15, 7＋8, 17＋18, 13＋16 in Glu-B1, 55.6% of them were 5＋10 in Glu-D1, respectively. Cultivars with positive subunits in all three Glu-1 locus are Shaan 451（1, 7＋8, 5＋10）, 95Jian5104（1,14＋15, 5＋ 10）,Shaanyou 412（2^＊ , 7＋8, 5＋10）, Mianyang89-47 （2^＊ , 13＋16, 5＋10）, Zhongyou16, Ji5099, Mianyou 1 and Mianyou 2 （1, 17＋18, 5＋10）, and were about 44.4% of the tested cultivars. 12 LMW-GS band patterns were encoded by Glu-3 locus. The patterns of 6 Cultivars of Xiaoyan 6, PH82-2, Shaan 253, 80356, 95Jian5104 and Zhengnong 33 were the same （a, d, c） at Glu-1. 12 HMW gliadin band patterns were encoded by Gli-1 locus, the patterns of 7 Cultivars of Xiaoyan 6, PH82-2, Shaanyou 225 , Shaan 253, 80356, Zhongyou 16 and 95Jian5104 were the same （o,new,i）, two new patterns at Gli-B1 locus were discovered which were different from the linked pattern h of dencoded by Glu-B3 of other cultivars.