清代皖南平原水稻亩产量的提高及原因分析

Increase in Output of Rice Per Mu in the Plain of South Anhui Province in Period of Qing Dynasty as well as Its Reason Analysis

明清时期皖南平原的水稻亩产量呈现上升的趋势,根据对多种资料的综合分析,本文对明清时期的水稻单产进行了初步的估算。皖南平原的水稻亩产量估算结果是:明代3.2市石/市亩左右,清代3.6市石/市亩左右。清代皖南平原水稻亩产量的上升可以从生产技术的改进、劳动力使用的增加、肥料投入的增加等三方面得到体现,但资本投入的匮乏是水稻单产提高的重要制约。它给我们的现实启发是,农民收入的可持续增长对粮食单产的提高具有重要意义。

The output of rice per mu in the plain of south Anhui province presents a trend of increase during the period of Ming and Qing dynasties. This paper gives a basic estimate of the output of rice per mu during that period based on the analysis of various materials. The result of the estimate tunas out to be： round 3.2 dan / mu in Ming dynasty, 3.6 dan / mu in Qing dynasty. The reason of the increase includes the following aspects： the improvement of production technology, the increase of labour, and the input of fertilizer, while lack of capital is its main restrict. The implication which we can draw from it is that the sustainable increase in peasants＇s income has an important effect on the increase of the output of rise per mu.