硫酸氢钠催化甲醛与甲酸甲酯的偶联反应

Coupling reaction of formaldehyde and methyl formate over sodium bisulfate catalyst

在釜式反应器中研究了硫酸氢钠催化甲醛和甲酸甲酯的偶联反应,考察了反应温度、原料配比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对乙醇酸甲酯和甲氧基乙酸甲酯收率的影响,得到最佳反应条件为:反应温度160℃、反应物料配比n(甲醛)∶n(甲酸甲酯)=0.65、催化剂的用量为总反应物料质量的20.0%、反应时间4h,在此条件下,乙醇酸甲酯和甲氧基乙酸甲酯的收率最大,总收率达到42.15%。催化剂浓度和反应温度对活化甲醛分子,确保有效地进行羰基化反应,提高反应活性起重要作用。硫酸氢钠难溶于反应体系,后处理简单,副反应少,可重复使用,较其他相关催化剂具有突出的性能。

The coupling reaction of formaldehyde （FA） and methyl formate （MF） with solid sodium bisulfate catalyst was investigated in an autoclave. The effects of reaction temperature, reactants ratio, catalyst dosage and reaction time on the yields of methyl glycolate （MG） and methyl methoxy acetate （MMAc） were examined. Under optimal reaction conditions, formaldehyde 1.08 mol, methyl formate 1.66 mol, sodium bisulfate 0.24 mol, reaction temperature 160℃, reaction time 4 h, the overall yield of MG and MMAc was 42.15%. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused, and had very good activity and stability. The reaction process was confirmed and the performance of sodium bisulfate catalyst was also compared with other acid catalysts. The catalytic activity of sodium bisulfate catalyst was higher than others.