耻感教育,作为底线伦理之拯救

A Sense of Shame as the Salvation of Bottom-line Ethic

“八荣八耻”所涵摄的内容其实是为人做事的基本操守,是人之为人的道德底线。它为人们找回了那种久违了的社会正气与正义。显然,社会主义荣辱观至少在涉及祖国、劳动两个方面与共产主义境界还存在一定距离。先秦诸子对“耻”及耻之于人之为人重要意义早有论述。孟子主张,羞耻是人类告别自身的动物性而与其他动物相区分的第一标准。荀子强调,道德实践积累到一定程度,荣辱便随之而来。各种耻感中,性耻意识埋藏得最深,与道德、伦理法则的连动性也最强。但在现代性浓烈和消费主义盛行的社会里,性耻意识却遭受有史以来最彻底的解构。最伟大的教育总开始于最微小的细节。在汲取过去思想政治工作教训的基础上,借鉴儒家做法,注重道德养成教育,努力把共产主义的道德理念与价值要求溶化到青年人的日常生活中,提高道德规范的可操作性。

The Eight Do＇s and Eight Don＇ ts are the most basic requirements for a person of high moral standards, and they restore social justice and integrity. Obviously, in terms of loyalty to our motherland and hard-working, the socialist view of honor and disgrace still falls short of the communist realm. Many famous ancient Chinese scholars had their interpretations of shame. Mencius, for instance, believed that the sense of shame is what separates man from other animals. Shame feelings about sex, among all senses of shame, rest deep in man and have the closest relationship with morality and ethics. In modern consumerist society, however, people＇s shame feelings about sex have been deprogrammed in an unprecedented way. Based on the lessons learned from past ideological and political work, we should learn from the Confucian practice by paying attention to moral training, inculcate communist ethics and values in the youth and increase the feasibility of moral rules.