噪声作业人员心理测试和垂体内分泌的测定

Survey with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and detection on plasma levels of arginine vasopressin,adrenocorticotrophic hormone,oxytocin in noiseexposed workers

目的探讨噪声作业对工人心理及垂体内分泌的影响。方法选择噪声作业和非噪声作业工人共167人,测定明尼苏达多项人格量表（MMPI）、精氨酸加压素（AVP）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、催产素（OT）等。进行单因素多个样本方差分析、相关分析、直线回归和曲线拟合分析。结果（1）根据累计噪声暴露量（CNE）分为高、中、低噪组以及对照组,高噪组认同量表（F）、疑病量表（Hs）、抑郁量表（D）、癔症量表（Hy）、偏执量表（Pa）、精神衰弱量表（Pt）、精神分裂症量表（Sc）、躁狂量表（Ma）、社会内向型量表（Si）分值显著增高,K校正量表显著降低（P〈0.05）;CNE对Q量表无影响。根据听力损伤程度分为对照组、听力正常组、观察对象组、听力损伤组。听力损伤对Q量表无影响（P〉0.05）,对其他子量表有影响（P〈0.05）。（2）中等强度噪声组较正常对照组分泌AVP、OT、ACTH增高,高噪组反而降低。（3）与累积噪声暴露量显著相关的量表有K、Hs、D、Si,与听力损失显著相关的有L、F、K、Hs、D、Hy、Mf、Pa、Pt、Sc、Si量表。量表分（因变量）与噪声强度、年龄、接噪工龄、总工龄、听力损伤程度、内分泌等躯体因素等（自变量）有直线关系（P〈0.05）,其贡献率为21%~32%。F、Pt、Hy、Mf 4个量表分与CNE符合二次、三次曲线关系,但贡献率较低（5%~11%）。结论随着累积噪声量的增加和听力损伤的加重,心理障碍表现越为突出。噪声通过腺垂体、神经垂体对心理产生作用。

Objective To explore the effect of noise exposure on the psychological status and the pituitary endocrine function of workers. Method 167 workers with noise exposure and without noise exposure were selected as investigation objects, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory （MMPI） was used for psychological study, menwhile, plasma levels of arginine vasopressin （AVP）, adrenocorticotrophic hormone （ACId）, oxytocin （OT） etc. were detected for pituitary endocrine function study on workers. All data were recorded in SPSS10.0 data-base for one way variance analysis, correlation analysis, linear and curve regression analysis etc. Resuit According to the investigation results, the scores of L, F, Hs, Ma, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si scales were gradually risen （P〈0.05） with the increase of CNE （cumulative noise exposure）. The scores of L, Q, Hs, Ma, D, Pd, Pa, Sc, Si scales showed linear relation with CNE, age, sex, cuhural level, hearing loss （the contribute rate is 21% - 32% ） （ P 〈 0.05）, while F, Pt, Hy, Mf showed curve relation with those factors mentioned above （the contribute rate is 5% ~ 11% ）, P 〈 0.05. The results also showed that mild noise exposure might induce rise in plasma levels of AVP, or, ACTH etc., but all these hormones were lowered in high level noise-expusare group. Conclusion Noise may produce negative effect on psychological status of workers, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitaxy might be the important control pathways for this psychological action.