临川水蕹菜地节肢动物多样性研究

Study on the diversity of Arthropods in fields grown with Ipomea aquatica Forsk in Linchuan

对水蕹菜试验地进行为期5个月的调查研究,结果表明,水蕹菜实验地生态系统内节肢动物群落物种数为34种,其中害虫6种,天敌20种,中性虫8种,分别占整个群落的17.65%、58.82%、23.53%。物种丰富度15～22,生态优势度0.0981～0.2843,多样性指数1.7714～2.5654,均匀度指数0.6129～0.8634。群落动态分析,群落特征指数都有明显的时间变化。8月期间,生态优势度低,多样性和均匀度指数高,群落结构较合理。从害虫与天敌的时间动态变化对比看出,拟水狼蛛、中华狼蛛等天敌对主要优势害虫柑橘全爪螨、桃蚜等有明显的控制作用。

Investigation was made in the fields of Ipomea aquatica for 5 months．Within the ecological system of the experimental fields there were 34 arthropod population species，including 6 pests，20 natural enemies，8 neutral insects，which accounting for 17．65％，58．82％and 23．53％of the whole population，respectively．Species richness was 15-22，ecological dominance was 0．098 1～0．184 3．biodiversity index was 1．771 4-2．565 4 and evenness index was 0．612 9～0．863 4．Population dynamic analysis and characteristics indices showed significant changes over time．During August．the indices of ecological dominance were low，biodiversity and evenness were high，and population structure of arthropodwas rational．It could be seen from the time dynamic of pests and natural enemies that Pirata subpiratious and Lycosasinenis played an important role in eontroNing major pests，such as Tetranychus bimaculatus and Myzus persicae．