中庭式建筑内回廊排烟方法有效性的研究

Approach to the mechanical smoke emission feasibility through the winding corridor of the mansions in atrium architectural style

中庭式建筑各楼层均通过中庭相连,因此给建筑物内机械排烟设计造成了困难。近年来一些学者提出了回廊排烟的概念,但并没有进行深入的研究。本文采用二维线性羽流模型对回廊排烟过程进行了描述,从理论上分析了采用回廊排烟控制建筑内烟气蔓延的效果。并采用FDS对一实际中庭式建筑采用回廊排烟的效果进行了模拟,对理论分析进行了验证。还对回廊内蓄烟池的深度进行了讨论,提出将回廊蓄烟池深度设为1m左右是比较合适的。

This paper is aimed to present our two-dimensional linear plume model in hoping to analyze the feasibility of smoke emission through the winding corridor in an atrium style mansions. A CFD technique known as FDS is used to simulate the effect of smoke ex- haust in the winding corridor in an actual mansion to validate the analysis. This paper has also made a detailed discussion of the smoke control effect by changing the depth of reservoirs in the corridor. In addition, proper depth of such reservoir is proposed based on the simulation results. As is known, the atrium architecture has taken fashion in present China, for perhaps their advantage of all its ground floors joined with each other into a through-to-the-end winding corridors. However, there remains to be a hard nut to design their smoke emission system in the mansion. The commonest used method is to exhaust the fire smoke in the atrium. In case a fire accident occurs in the annex, the exhaust fan or ventilator will begin to work to produce a negative pressure, in which the fire smoke can be made to enter the atrium to get released. This method, though convenient for implementation, remains unfavorable, because the smoke flux to be released in case of fire may increase too abruptly to get controlled when the fire plume is going to rise to the atrium top. Another method of smoke exhaust design is to let the exhaust release through individual rooms. The latter seems to be advantageous in avoiding large flux of exhaust gas, but difficult to be carried out because of the complex design of smoke pipe installation in every room. In recent years, a concept of exhaust in the winding corridor has been proposed, which is to combine the advantages of traditional design of smoke exhaust in atri- um style building, which can reduce the volume flux of exhaust fan, and the design of the smoke pipe is also made fairly simple. Though the concept has been proposed a few years ago, it remains necessary to go through an in-depth study.