低温环境中放线菌的研究

A Study on Psychrotophilic Environment of Actinomycetes

从云南省德钦白芒雪山及中甸保护区土壤样品中分离到许多耐低温放线菌，从中选出６０株代表菌，用ＡＴＣＣ和ＣＣＣＣＭ的１０株链霉菌典型菌株做标准菌，选用８２项原始特征进行形态、生理、生化等实验．运用微生物数值分类程序计算菌株间的相似性（Ｓｓｍ），用不加权连锁法（ＵＰＧＭＡ）进行聚类分群，在６７％的相似性上，可将这些实验菌株分为２个大群，５个亚群．同时将它们与７０株高温放线菌进行比较，两者除生长温度明显不同外。

A number of psychrotophilic actinomycetes were isolated from Baimang snow Mountain and Zhongdian Plateau soil of Yunnan in 1991. Morphology,physiology,biochemistry,cell composition and ecology of them were studied. A Cluster analysis of 60 strains of them and 10 type strains of Streptomyctes from ATCC based on 82 unit characteristics was done. The test strains were covered in 2 Clusters(5 Subclusters)at 67% Ssm. They belong to Psychrotophilic actinomycetes:the optimum growth at 28 to 10℃,growthat 28 to 0℃ and no grwth at 37℃(with the exception of one strain). The parttern of carbon utilization of Psychrotophilic actinomycetes is more narrow than that of Thermophilic actinomycetes;The range of growth temperature,morphology of spore chain and activites of various enzymes are different bettween Psychrotophilic and Thermophilic actinomycetes.