自我差异研究述评

A Review on Self-discrepancy Studies

自我差异理论提出了现实—理想自我差异、现实—应该自我差异等概念,其主要假设是:现实—理想差异单独与沮丧类情绪有关,现实—应该差异单独与焦虑类情绪有关,得到大部分研究的验证。自我差异的测量主要采用自我问卷的方法。早期社会化经历可能是产生自我差异的重要原因。自我差异与心理健康、自我认同、人格之间也存在一定的关系。

The self-discrepancy theory put forward the concepts of actual-ideal self-discrepancy, actual-obligatory self-discrepancy, etc. The theory＇s main hypothesis that actual-ideal self-discrepancy uniquely correlated with dejection-related emotions and actualobligatory self-discrepancy uniquely correlated with agitation-related emotions was proved by most studies. The Selves Questionnaire was mostly adopted to measure self-discrepancy. The experiences of early socialization may be the important cause for self-dlscrepancy. There is relationship of self-discrepancy with mental health, ego-identity, and personality.