从朝鲜语反观汉语的“V得”致使结构

"Vde" Causative Structures in Chinese from the Perspective Offerred by Korean

本文以朝鲜语视角,揭示现代汉语"V得"致使结构中存在的几个特点。(1)汉语"V得"致使结构属于隐性致使,语义内部具有因果关系,但与"因为……所以……"句式不同。汉语"V得"致使结构表示的是内容领域的因果关系,多表示现实世界两种事件之间的因果关系,而不是表示一种理据、缘由的关系,而且句子结构也比"因为……所以……"句更加紧凑。(2)汉语致使结构成句条件限制较多,对各组成要素的要求严格,特别是对V1的制约更为严格。(3)汉语动补结构对致使结构的发展提供了空间。

This article tries to discover some features of ＂Vde＂ causative structures in modern Chinese language through the eyes of Korean language. ＂Vde＂ causative structures in Chinese language belong to the recessive causative structure, and have causalities in the context, but it is different from the syntax of ＂yinwei…… suoyi ……＂. ＂Vde＂ causative structures in Chinese language describe the causalities of the content, mostly show the causalities of two different things in the real world, it does not represent the relationships of cause or reason, and its syntax is more compact than ＂yinwei ……suoyi…… ＂. The syntax of causative structure in Chinese language has more restrictions, it has strict requirement for each element in the syntax, especially more strict requirement to the V. The verb-complement structures in Chinese language provide the expansion space for causative structures.