乡村合作运动中合作金融制度建设之议——基于20世纪前半期中国乡村经济史视阈分析

A Study of the Cooperative Financial System in the Rural Cooperative Movement——An Analysis of the Chinese Economic History in the First Half of the 20th Century

20世纪后,为挽救行将崩溃农村经济,在各种行政力量裹胁下,中国乡村掀起了以信用合作社"异常发展"为主要特征的合作化运动。而合理合作金融制度与健全合作金融体系,是为各类合作社融通资金、减少对金融资本依赖以促进合作效能充分发挥之必须。基于此,人们在反思检讨合作运动缺憾与不足基础上,对中国合作金融制度与体系建设的学理探讨:包括合作金融内涵;体系建设路径、组织体系层级、与农业金融区别和联系、中央合作金库地位及目标等。其中不少论点极富建设性,它对于我们今天的农民合作经济组织发展、农村合作金融体系的完善乃至于新农村建设仍不失其借鉴意义。这也就是笔者费力将此爬梳出来的原由所在。

The cooperative movement characterized by abnormal development of crecllt cooperation was implemented in rural areas to save the rural economy in early half 20th century. The capital movement needs the normal operation of the cooperative financial system. Many researchers began to not only analyze the disadvantages of the cooperative movement but also discuss the building of the cooperative financial system in China, including the path of system construction, the arrangement of organizational system, the distinction and relation with the rural financial area, the status and the aim of the central cooperative exchequer. Many viewpoints were constructive to the cooperative economy in rural area, the improvement of the cooperative financial system and building a new socialist countryside.