入伍新兵人群甲型病毒性肝炎血清抗体水平监测

Surveillance of hepatitis A serum antibody levels in recruits

目的了解入伍新兵人群中甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)病毒IgG抗体的分布情况。方法采用回顾性血清流行病学调查方法,利用酶联免疫吸附试验技术,对近4年来自6个省市的325名入伍新兵血清进行了甲肝病毒IgG抗体检测,统计分析其阳性率。结果发现各年间入伍新兵血清甲肝病毒IgG抗体差别不显著,为31.87%～41.76%,平均37.85%;地区间差别较大,湖北省(49.21%)和河南省(40.00%)较高,山西省最低(26.67%);新兵入伍前学历和工作与否与其甲肝病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论入伍新兵人群中甲肝病毒IgG抗体阳性率有地区差异,阳性率明显低于70%警戒线,应引起高度重视。

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of hepatitis A antibody IgG （anti-HAV IgG） in recruits, provide the scientific evidence for further prevention and control of the disease. Methods A retrospective seroepidemiological study was conducted by using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay （ELISA）, the serum samples of 325 recruits, who came from 6 provinces during the past four years, were tested to detect hepatitis A antibody IgG, and the overall positive rate was analyzed statistically. Results There was no significant difference in serum anti-HAV IgG levels among recruits in each years, which ranged from 31.87% to 41.76%, with a average rate of 37.85%, but regional difference existed, the higher levels were found in recruits from Hubei （49.21%） and Henan （40.00%）, and lower levels from Shanxi （26.67%）. There was no significant correlation between the anti-HAV IgG positive rate and the education or occupation background of the recruits before their recruitment. Conclusion There was regional difference among anti-HAV lgG positive rates of the examined recruits. Since the positive rate was obviously lower than the baseline 70%, great importance should be attached to the prevention of hepatitis A outbreaks in military population. Reexamination for recruits should be performed during the quarantine, and hepatitis A vaccination and health education for recruits should be given to prevent and control hepatitis A.