干扰素诱导的GTP酶及其在抗感染先天免疫系统中的作用

IFN-inducible GTPases and its role in immunity against intracellular pathogens

干扰素(interferon,IFN)介导脊椎动物对微生物天然免疫反应的重要免疫分子。一般认为其效应主要是通过诱导ISG(interferon-stimulated gene)转录、表达生成相应效应蛋白来实现。其中GTPase家族是IFN诱导的蛋白质中最丰富的成员之一。目前研究较多的几个GTP酶(GTPase)有Mx蛋白(myxovirus-resistant,抗黏液病毒蛋白)、p47GTPase(immunity-related GTPase,IRG)、GBP(guanine bindin gprotein)、VLIG(very large inducible GTPase)。不同的脊椎动物中,GTPase家族成员的基因分布、蛋白质结构和功能及其机制等存在较大的差异。

Interferons are important molecules which can mediate innate immunity against microbes in vertebrate by inducing the transcription and expression of ISGs （interferon responsive genes） to responsive proteins. GTPase is one of the most abundant IFN-inducible proteins. To date, there are several families of GTPase known to all： Mx （Myxovirus-resistant）, p47 GTPase （IRG, immunity-related GTPase）, GBP （guanine-binding protein）, VLIG （very large inducible GTPase）, etc. Individual families of GTPase vary in the localization of genes, structural characteristics of proteins, the functions and its mechanisms. Here the latest research progresses in this field were reviewed.