天主教与佛教儒学化之比较与反思——以“礼仪之争”与“沙门议敬”为中心

A Comparison between Confucianized Catholicism and Buddhism——Focus on "Chinese Rites Controversy" and "Controversy over Sramana Kowtowing to the Monarch"

"沙门议敬"的圆满解决与"礼仪之争"的不欢而散,共同昭示了一个主题:一种外来文化要想生存、发展,就必须在尊重本土文化的前提之下,走多元融合之路。同时启发我们,在文化发展日益世界化的今天,一些"西方中心主义"者坚持所谓"普世主义",并认为这种普世性要由欧洲和基督教文明国家输出的想法是错误的。

Buddhism spreading and emergence of Catholicism in China are two great events in the exchange between China and foreign countries. ＂Chinese rites controversy＂ and ＂controversy over Sramana kowtowing to the monarch＂ aroused in the course of the confucianization of Buddhism and Catholicism are typical cases in the integrition of Chinese and Western cultures and the comparison between two cases can offer us some reflections. Different outcomes of Buddhism and Catholicism in the settlement of the controversies show that foreign religion and culture have to merge into traditional Chinese culture and undergo a process of indigenization. On the other hand,it is unwise of some Occidentalists to preach universalism and. insist on exporting it by Europe and some developed Christian countries.