饲料维生素E含量对美国红鱼生长和非特异性免疫的影响

Effects of dietary vitamin E levels on growth and nonspecific immunity of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus

采用单因子实验设计方法,进行了饲料中添加维生素E对美国红鱼生长(存活率、特定生长率和饲料效率)和非特异性免疫相关指标(血清中溶菌酶活性、血清总补体活性和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性)影响的研究,设计了5个不同维生素E水平(0.1、25.3、51.0、102.8和203.2mg/kg)的等氮等能饲料,对美国红鱼进行为期56d的生长实验,每个水平3个重复,每个养殖单元放养初始体重为151g左右的美国红鱼20尾。饲养实验在海水网箱(1.5m×1.0m×1.0m)中进行。结果表明,随着饲料维生素E含量增加,美国红鱼饲料效率、特定生长率和成活率显著提高,美国红鱼最佳生长性能的饲料维生素E添加量为102.8mg/kg;美国红鱼血清溶菌酶和血清总补体活性随着维生素E的添加量的增加而显著升高,并且维生素E的添加量达到最高值102.8和25.3mg/kg,随后变化不明显;美国红鱼血清SOD活性随维生素E添加量的增加而显著升高,并且含量在102.8mg/kg达到最高值,随后显著下降。综上所述,美国红鱼维生素E的适宜添加量为102.8mg/kg。

A single-factor experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary vitamin E on growth（feed efficiency ratio（FER）, specific growth rate （SGR） and survival rate （SR）） and nonspecific immunity （lysozyme activity, total complement activity and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity） of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus L. , Five iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets at levels of 0. 1,25.3,51.0,102.8 and 203.2mg/kg vitamin E were fed twice a day（07 ： 30 and 16 ： 30）. Triplicated groups of 20 fish at initial body weight of about 151g were fed with the diets in the levels for 8 weeks. The experiment was done in floating net cages（1.5 m× 1.0 m× 1.0 m）. Results indicated that the feed efficiency ratio, specific growth rate and survival rate increased significantly with the increase of vitamin E supplement level in diet after 8 weeks of the feeding trial,the optimal vitamin E for growth of red drum was about 102.8mg/kg;the lysozyme activity and total complement activity of serum in red drum increased significantly with the increase of vitamin E supplement level in diet, and the red drum had the maximal level of lysozyme activity and total complement activity when fed by 102.8 and 25.3 mg/kg VE,then the change of lysozyme and total complement activity were not significant ; the SOD activity of serum in red drum increased significantly with the increase of vitamin E supplement level in diet, and the red drum had the maximal level of SOD activity when fed by 102.8mg/kg VE then decreased significantly. Ingeneral,it was showed that the optimal vitamin E for red drum growth was about 102.8mg/kg.