百子莲的传粉昆虫及其访花行为研究

Study on pollinating insects of Agapanthus africanus and their foraging behavior

连续2年对百子莲引种地的访花昆虫和昆虫访花行为进行了观察和检测，共发现访花昆虫23种，分属于5目、17科。其中传粉昆虫有10科13种，主要有中华蜜蜂、熊蜂、玉带凤蝶、菜粉蝶和黑带食蚜蝇。访花频率在不同昆虫之间差异显著，在不同花期（始花期、盛花期）间差异不显著。各昆虫单日的访花频率存在一定规律，其中蝶类传粉活动集中在上午，蜂类传粉持续时间长，7：00～17：00均有出现。昆虫访花频率和虫体解剖镜观察表明，蜂类的传粉效率明显高于蝶类和蝇类。

The two-year successive observation and test by experiment on the pollinating insects and their foraging behavior showed that as the flower visitors, a total of 23 species of insects falling into 17 families of 5 orders were recognized, and 13 species of them were pollinators falling into 10 families and being mainly Apis cerana cerana Fabricius, Bombus festivus Smith, Papilio polytes Linnaeus, Pieris rapae Linnaeus and Episyrphus balteatus De Geer. The frequency of visiting flowers was significantly different between various insects but not significantly different between initial and full flowering stages. There was a certain rule for each insect to daily visit flowers. Butterflies＇visiting activity was mainly in the forenoon while bees＇ visiting activity was from 7：00 to 17.00 and lasted longer. According to the frequency for insects to visit flowers and the observation of insect bodies by anatomical lens, the pollinating efficiency of bees was much higher than that of butterflies and flies. The supplementary experiment on pollination showed that the pollinators were not enough in the plants＇flowering period.