普通小麦-簇毛麦2V染色体端体异附加系的选育与鉴定

Development and identification of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa ditelosomic addition lines involving chromosome 2V of H.villosa

簇毛麦(Haynaldia villosa)具有抗多种病害、耐旱、耐寒等优良性状,是可供小麦改良利用的优良遗传资源。本研究综合利用根尖细胞有丝分裂中期染色体Giemsa C-分带、花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型分析、荧光原位杂交(genomicin situhybridization,GISH)及分子标记等技术,从普通小麦-簇毛麦2V(2D)异代换系与含有Ph抑制基因的中国春高配对材料(pairing homoeologous inhibitor,PhI)C04-13的杂交后代中选出分别含有簇毛麦2V长臂和短臂的普通小麦-簇毛麦2V端体异附加系。含有簇毛麦2V短臂的附加系在护颖颖脊上有刚毛,而在含2V长臂的附加系的护颖颖脊上没有刚毛,可将控制护颖颖脊刚毛性状的基因进一步定位在簇毛麦2V染色体的短臂上。筛选出可以追踪2V染色体短臂的SSR标记wmc25。该分子标记和护颖颖脊刚毛形态标记可用来追踪导入小麦遗传背景中的簇毛麦2V染色体短臂。

Haynaldia villosa possesses a lots of elite traits, such as resistance to several diseases, tolerance to drought and cold, and is an important gene resource for wheat improvement. Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa ditelosomic addition lines involving 2VL and 2VS were identified from the progenies of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa disomic substitution line 2V （2D） and Chinese Spring Ph^1 （with Ph inhibit gene） by mitotic and meiotic analysis combining with chromosome C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization （GISH）. There were bristles on the glume ridges in the alien addition or substitution lines involved in 2V short arm only, and no bristles on the glume ridges were observed in the lines involved in 2V long arm. The gene controlling bristles on the glume ridges was further located on the short arm of 2V. Additionally, the SSR marker wmc25 was found to be specific to the 2VS of H. villosa. This SSR marker and the mophorlogical marker of bristles can be used to trace 2VS in wheat background.