中国国家线性文化遗产网络构建

ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE NATIONAL LINEAR CULTURE HERITAGE NETWORK IN CHINA

全球化与快速城市化背景下,中华大地上的文化遗产受到了前所未有的威胁与破坏,特别是在国家历史上对维护国家政治稳定、经济发展、社会进步与文化交流发挥过重要作用的线性文化遗产亟待引起重视并得到系统保护。本文着重探讨了国家线性文化遗产网络的构建途径。通过将文献研究与专家问卷德尔斐法相结合,判别出了由19个线性文化遗产约250,000km线性要素所构成的国家线性文化遗产网络。以期在国土尺度上建立一个集生态与文化保护、休闲游憩、审美启智与教育等多功能为一体的线性文化遗产网络,在中华大地上形成一个彰显民族身份、延续历史文脉、保障人地关系和谐的文化"安全格局"。

The globalization and speedy urbanization challenge the protection and preservation of cultural heritage sites on China＇s national landscape. Playing an important role in the maintenance of political stability, economic development, social progress and cultural exchanges in Chinese history, the linear cultural heritages require immediate attention and shall be systematically analyzed and protected, which fall into various categories of cultural heritage types such as Cultural Routes, Heritage Canals, Heritage Corridors, and each of which has the potential to be a World Heritage and can all together be integrated into a network covering most regions of China. It is a new model of thinking about the cultural heritage as a system, to upgrade the management level of the Chinese cultural heritages. This paper discusses how a national linear cultural heritage network can be built. Through literature analysis and Delphi method, this paper identifies and recommends 19 important linear cultural heritages attributed to 4 types including transportation lines, military engineering works, natural river courses and hydraulic engineering projects, as well as cultural exchange routes in the history. In terms of spatial scale, these linear cultural heritages range from national scale to regional scale. The network of linear cultural heritages covers almost all the regions in China, from land to waters. In total, the network is composed of 19 linear cultural heritages, accounting for about 250,000 km in length, forming the cultural security pattern on the landscape that safeguards China＇s cultural identity and can be integrated with the ecological network and greenway systems to serve multiple purposes of recreation, aesthetics appreciation, education, as well as the goal of building a harmony relationship between the land and people, between the past and the present, and act as a spiritual linkage between the people and their mother land at the grassroots.