预防樟子松生理干旱造林技术的研究

STUDIES ON THE AFFORESTING TECHNIQUES PREVENTING PHYSIOLOGICAL DROUGHT OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS VAR. MONGOLICA

经过十年的研究、探索,深穴(沟)内降位—靠南壁—深埋的樟子松造林新技术,即通过改变微地形,创造一个能改变微气象要素结构、微域水分再分配、积雪状况、和雪埋时间、活死地被物聚集特征的微生境,将苗木降位约20cm,靠近南壁的深埋(只露针叶量的1/4)栽植(穴状或沟状),通过1980—1985年1000亩中试和2660ha推广地的樟子松业已成林以及1987—1988年的模拟试验结果都证明,本项造林技术对预防樟子松生理干旱具有良好的功能。

The most important problem in the afforestation with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is physiological drought. Some provinces have adopted the method of 'burial in soil' to prevent this phenomenon. But the method has three shortcomings: hight cost; liable to damage the seedlings; difficulties in grasping proper time. During the research and experiments in eleven years (1975—1987), a new technique was explored: Planting seedling near the southern wall of a deep hole and burying it with soil. This technique can create a favourable microenvironment for seedlings without wind and direct radiation but with more moisture because the seedlings are snow-covered and moderaely grass-covered for a long time. The success in the afforestation with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in 2660ha and the results of the simulated tests show that the new technique has good effect on preventing physiological drought of P. sylvestris var. mongolica in the northern China.