催化裂化装置催化剂废渣对炼厂及周边环境的污染研究

Study on the Pollution of Spent Catalysts from Catalytic Cracking Unit to Refinery and Its Surrounding Areas

研究了炼油厂催化裂化装置催化剂废渣对炼厂及其周边环境的污染状况,结果表明:催化裂化装置跑损催化剂会对炼厂及其周边地区的大气环境产生较为严重的粉尘污染,在距离催化裂化装置再生器烟囱1000 m处,大气环境中总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)的浓度比距离炼厂较远地区高出近一倍。通过采样分析发现,裂化催化剂废渣和炼厂飘尘中的重金属Ni、V的含量较高,分别达到0.588、0.371和0.269、0.176(w%);采用模拟酸雨对裂化催化剂废渣和炼厂瓢尘的浸溶实验表明,浸出液中重金属N i、V的含量较高,这说明催化剂废渣会对炼厂及周边的土壤和水体产生污染。

The pollution of spent catalysts discharged or emitted from catalytic cracking unit is studied, The results show that the catalysts emitted from catalytic cracking unit will cause particle problem to atmosphere of refinery and its surrounding areas. The composition of pollutants in the spent catalysts from catalytic cracking unit of the refinery is analyzed. The results show that the catalytic cracking catalyst particles emitted into air contains0. 588 % of Ni and 0. 371% of V. Since these catalyst particles will fall to the ground sooner or later, therefore the emission will cause earth pollution. When the catalyst is rinsed by rainwater, a part of Ni and V in the catalysts will enter into water environment, thus the discharged and emitted spent catalysts will also cause water pollution. The ways to control the pollution caused by the spent catalytic cracking catalysts are also discussed.