微红梢斑螟发育进度和成虫行为的初步研究

Development and adult behavior of Dioryctria rubella Hampson

野外采集微红梢斑螟Dioryctria rubella Hampson幼虫进行室内饲养并结合灯诱试验,研究其发育进度和成虫活动规律。结果表明,越冬代幼虫蛹期平均为(13.8±2.8)d,化蛹率为57.2%,3月中旬始见化蛹,高峰期为4月中旬;成虫期平均为(6.7±1.2)d,羽化率51.7%,4月上旬始见成虫,高峰期为4月下旬。第1代幼虫蛹期平均为(10.5±2.3)d,化蛹率62.3%,7月下旬始见化蛹,高峰期为8月中旬;成虫期平均为(6.8±1.1)d,羽化率61.3%,8月上旬始见成虫,羽化高峰期为8月下旬。成虫补充营养的时间集中在01:00—10:00之间,在6种食料中取食蜂蜜的占53%,取食板栗花精油的占35%,取食梨汁的占11%。成虫白天静伏松梢针叶基部或笼壁上,夜间野外成虫有两个活动峰段,高峰期为21:00—24:00,次高峰期为01:00—03:00,野外峰段要比室内提前2 h。室内成虫求偶活动高峰时段为19:00—23:00,成虫求偶行为雌雄有别,日龄越接近,雌雄虫之间的求偶行为越明显。

The larvae of Dioryctria rubella Hampson were colleted from pine forest in 2008.Its development and adult behaviors were studied with laboratory rearing and blacklight trapping.The pupal duration of the overwintering generation was（13.8±2.8） days with a pupation rate of 57.2%.The pupation began in mid-March with a peak in mid-April.The adult duration was（6.7±1.2） days with an emergence rate of 51.7%.The adult appeared in early April with a peak in late April.The pupal duration of the 1st generation was（10.5±2.3） days with a pupation rate of 62.3%.The pupation began in late July with a peak in mid-August.The adult duration was（6.8±1.1） days with an emergence rate of 61.3%.The adult appeared in early August with a peak in late August.The adults fed on nutrition between 01：00 and 10：00.Among them,53% selected honey,35% selected essential oil of the flower of Castanea mollissima and 11% selected pear juice.Adults stayed quietly at the base of pine needles or cage during the day and at night adult had two activity peaks at 21：00-24：00 and 01：00-03：00 in the field,2 hours earlier than that in the laboratory observation.The adult courtship behavior mostly happened between 19：00 and 23：00.Courtship behavior was different between female and male adults.The nearer the day ages,the more obvious the courtship behavior between the two sexes was.