厦门市实施世行贷款/英国赠款结核病控制项目健康教育效果评价

Effectiveness of TB health education after implementation of China TB Control Project co-financed by World Bank loan and DFID grant in Xiamen

目的评价厦门市开展结核病健康教育干预策略的效果。方法以厦门市6个区的全部常住人口家庭作为调查对象,采用分层系统抽样的方法,于2006年8月和2008年8月,分别对6448和6972家庭户主进行面对面入户问卷调查。通过比较两次调查结果评价结核病健康教育的效果。结果全市居民结核病知识总平均知晓率由2006年的63.3%提高到2008年的75.1%,其中城市居民由68.5%提高到81.2%,农村居民由59.1%提高到70.1%;全市居民结核病相关政策信息总平均知晓率由49.7%提高到60.9%,其中城市居民由52.8%提高到63.9%,农村居民由47.3%提高到58.4%,差别具有统计学意义。同年度城市居民的相关知识知晓率普遍高于农村居民,差别具有统计学意义。城市和农村居民获取结核病防治知识的途径有所差别,但均以电视为第一位,且2008年电视所占比重均比2006年提高,2008年通过宣传材料和宣传栏获取结核病防治知识的城市和农村居民比例较2006年增加。结论厦门市结核病健康教育干预策略成效显著,但城乡发展不平衡,居民对肺结核病防治知识及相关政策了解不够全面。开展结核病健康教育要有针对性,因地制宜、因人而异。大众传媒是结核病防治宣传的主要途径,家校联动的人际传播不失为健康教育宣传的有效方法之一。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention strategies of TB health education after implementation of China TB Control Project co-financed by World Bank loan and DFID grant in Xiamen.Methods Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 6448 and 6972 residents in August 2006 and August 2008.Results The average awareness rate of knowledge of residents increased from 63.3% in 2006 to 75.1% in 2008,of which urban residents increased to 81.2 % from 68.5 %,of rural residents increased to 70.1% from 59.1%.The total awareness rate of TB-related policy information of residents rose to 60.9% from 49.7%,of which urban residents increased from 52.8% to 63.9%,of rural residents increased to 47.3 % from 58.4 %,with significant differences.The annual knowledge awareness rate of urban residents was generally higher than that of rural residents,with significant differences.The means to obtain TB prevention and treatment knowledge between Urban and rural residents varied.But television ranked the first among both urban and rural residents,and the proportion increased from 2006 to 2008.The proportion of adopting the means of reading publicity materials and columns to obtain TB prevention and control knowledge increased from 2006 to 2008.Conclusion Xiamen TB health education intervention strategies obtained good results,but the development in urban and rural areas unbalanced.TB prevention and control knowledge and understanding of related policies of residents were not comprehensive enough.Mass media was the main means of TB prevention and control publicity.