新疆小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基对其加工品质的影响

Effect of HMW Glutenin Subunits of Xinjiang Wheat on Its Processing Quality Character

【目的】贮藏蛋白对小麦的加工品质起重要作用,高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基是研究的重点,明确新疆小麦谷蛋白亚基对加工品质的影响。【方法】以79份新疆小麦作为实验材料,进行SDS-PAGE和部分加工品质性状检测,分析了HMW-GS对小麦加工品质性状——蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉淀值和硬度的影响。【结果】高分子量麦谷蛋白基因位点不同,对同一品质性状的效应不同,同一位点对不同的品质性状效应也不同,且同一位点的不同亚基间对品质性状的效应也存在差异。对于沉淀值,Glu-1的三个位点对其效应大小顺序为Glu-D1>Glu-A1>Glu-B1,而对于蛋白质含量,顺序则为Glu-B1>Glu-D1>Glu-A1。高分子量谷蛋白亚基对加工品质的影响情况更为复杂,对于沉淀值,2+11>5+10>5+12>3+12>2+12>4+12>2+10,亚基2+12和2+11、5+10差异显著;对于蛋白质含量,2+10>5+12>4+12>2+12>5+10>2+11>3+12,亚基2+10和5+10、2+11、3+12差异显著。【结论】提高优质亚基1,5+10的频率,保持7+8亚基的频率,是新疆小麦育种的方向。

[ Objective ] Storage protein is important in determining processing quality of the common wheat. The priority in our research is high molecular - weight glutenin subunits. In order to explore the effect of the glutenin subunits of Xinjiang wheat on the processing quality, [ Method ] seventy - nine wheat varieties in Xinjiang were used as the test materials, to detect the SDS - PAGE and part of processing quality characters and analyze the effect of HMW- GS on the processing quality of the wheat such as protein content, wet - gluten content, sedimentation value and hardness. [Result]The result is indicated that different HMW glutenin subunit loci have different effects on the same processing quality character, and the same glutenin subunit locus has different effects on different quality characters. At the same loci there is difference among the subunits. Their order is as fonows ： Glu - A1, Glu - B1 and Glu - DI ;But as for protein content,their order is as follows： Glu - B1 〉 Glu - D1 〉 Glu - A1, at Glu - A1, 1〉2 〉n; at Glu-B1, 20〉 14＋ 15〉13＋16〉7〉7＋9〉7＋8; at Glu-D1, 2＋ 10〉5＋12〉4＋ 12 〉 2 ＋ 12 〉 5 ＋ 10 〉 2 ＋ 11 〉 3 ＋ 12.But there are various effects of HMW - GS on processing quality characters, as for sedimentation value, the order is as follows： Glu - D1 〉 Glu - A1 〉 Glu - B1, at Glu - A1, 1 〉 2^＊ 〉 Null; at Glu-B1, 7＋8〉7〉7＋9〉13＋16〉20〉14＋15, at Glu-D1, 2＋11〉5＋10〉5＋12〉3＋12〉2＋12〉4 ＋ 12 〉 2 ＋ 10. [ Conclusion] So increasing the frequency of 1, 5 ＋ 10 and keeping the frequency of 7 ＋ 8 is the direction for the wheat breeding in Xinjiang.