冬小麦产量性状的遗传效应分析

Analysis of Genetic Effects for Yield Traits in Winter Wheat

以农大139等7个冬小麦品种进行4×3不完全双列杂交，采用加性-显性及其与环境互作的遗传模型对亲本、F_1和F_2的株高、主穗穗长、单株穗数、主穗小穗数、千粒重和单株粒重6个性状进行遗传分析．结果表明，株高和主穗长主要受加性效应控制，而单株穗数、主穗小穗数、千粒重和单株粒重主要受显性×环境互作效应影响．矮2杂交后代易选到矮株，奥里生杂交后代易得到大穗材料，农林10号和奥里生的杂交后代分蘖力将加强，814的杂交后代小穗数增多，814杂交后代千粒重增高．所有产量性状未表现明显的杂种优势．

Analysis of genetic Effects for yieldtraits such as plant height,main spike length,spike number,spikelet number of main spike,grain weight per plant and 1000-grain weight was conducted with parents,F_1 and F_2 of 7 wheat varieties by sing additive-dominance(AD)model.The results indicate that(1)plant height and main spike length are mainly controlled by additive effect,while spike number,spikelet number of main spike,grain weight per plant and 1000-grain weight are mainly controlled by dominant and environment effect interaction;(2)more dwarf plants can be selected from crosses with parent Ai-1,more plants with longer spike from crosses with Aolisin,more plants with more spike number from crosses with Nonglin-10 and Aolisin,more plants with more spikelet number from crosses with 814 and ore plants with higher 1000-grain weight from crosses with 14:(3)the heterosis is not evident for all of the yield traits.