雪灾对毛竹林土壤呼吸与微生物生物量碳的影响

The influence of snow storm on soil respiration and soil microbial biomass carbon of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens forest

2008年中国南方雪灾是对森林生态系统过程一次极大的自然干扰。为研究雪灾对土壤主要生态因子和土壤生态学过程的影响,笔者对福建武夷山受雪灾干扰的毛竹林生态系统受灾程度进行了调查。依据毛竹林分的受灾程度,分为重度、中度和轻度3种类型。结果显示:雪灾后,重度、中度与轻度受灾毛竹林的受损率分别为43.7%、21.8%和10.3%;因雪灾输入林地地表的生物量分别为2.21、1.04和0.60kg/m2;受灾程度不同对毛竹林生态系统的主要生态因子影响有显著的差异。林分郁闭度分别与土壤含水率、土壤呼吸、土壤温度、微生物生物量碳、受损率、雪灾后输入地表生物量等呈显著负相关;雪灾后输入地表生物量分别与微生物生物量碳、土壤温度、受损率、土壤呼吸呈显著正相关。不同程度受灾林分间的土壤呼吸和微生物生物量碳有显著差异性,林冠的打开和大量凋落物、粗木质残体碎屑的输入直接或间接导致了土壤含水率、土壤温度、土壤呼吸、微生物生物量碳等生态因子的变化,这些变化将改变竹林生态系统的生物学与生态学过程。

The 2008 snow storm in southern China was a huge natural disturbance to the forest ecosystem. We conducted an experiment in Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens forest in Wuyi Mountain to understand the influence of snow storm on major soil ecological factors and soil ecological processes. We divided the damage level of phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens forest cause by the snow storm into three types i. e. heavy,middle and low level. The rate of damaged bamboo in heavy,middle and low level was 43. 7 % ,21. 8 % ,10. 3 % ,respectively. The aboveground biomass input to the ground caused by the snow storm was 2. 21,1. 04 and 0. 60 kg/m2,respectively. The canopy closure was significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture,soil respiration,soil temperature and soil microbial biomass carbon,respectively soil microbial biomass carbon,soil temperature and soil respiration were significantly correlated with the aboveground biomass loss. There were significant difference in soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon among different damage levels. The open of the canopy and the input of the litterfall and woody debris to the floor may lead to the changes of soil moisture,soil temperature,soil respiration,and soil microbial biomass carbon,and might alter the biological and ecological processes of phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens forest.