CAPD患者健康教育考核体系的建立与应用

Developing an evaluation system of health education for patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

目的建立与应用持续性非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者健康教育考核体系,以提高患者自我管理能力,减少CAPD并发症。方法将首次住院行腹膜透析的39例尿毒症患者按时间先后顺序分为对照组(16例)和观察组(23例),两组住院期间均分阶段进行健康教育。对照组出院前可完成CAPD操作,未经标准化操作与知识考核出院;观察组于出院前2～3d由CAPD专职护士根据自行建立的CAPD患者健康教育考核体系(下称考核体系),于床边对操作者进行相关知识和操作考核,合格者按计划出院,不合格者继续接受培训至合格后出院。1年后评价两组腹膜炎发生率和患者依从性。结果腹膜炎发生率观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论考核体系有助于居家CAPD的顺利开展,对于提高患者生活质量、减少并发症有重要意义。

Objective To establish an evaluation system of health education for patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal di- alysis（CAPD）, and to improve their sel-management ability and reduce the incidence of complications. Methods Totally, 39 uremia patients receiving CAPD at the first time were divided into a control group of 16 cases and an experimental group of 23 cases ac- cording to chronological order, and both groups were given the same health education. Patients in the control group were able to conduct CAPD before discharge, and they discharged without appraisal of their operations and knowledge. Subjects in the experi- mental group were assessed in terms of their operations and knowledge 2 or 3 days before discharge by using self-designed evalua- tion system, only those who qualified could discharge, otherwise they would be retrained. The incidence rate of peritonitis and patients＇ compliance were evaluated after one year. Results The incidence rate of peritonitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The evaluation system of health education can improve the quality of CAPD and reduce the complications.