植物对低磷胁迫的适应及其分子基础

Plants Tolerance to Low Phosphorus and its Molecular Basis

植物如何适应低磷环境和高效利用土壤中的有限磷资源的问题成为国内外当前的研究热点。本文概述了植物在低磷环境下发生的一系列复杂的生理生化变化,重点从四个方面阐述了这些变化的分子生物学基础:(1)植物向外界分泌酸性磷酸酶、RNA酶以及有机酸对难溶性磷的活化;(2)植物根系形态的改变和高亲和力磷酸盐转运蛋白的表达来提高磷的吸收效率;(3)磷向地上部分的运输;(4)植物体内磷的再利用。本文为进一步揭示植物对低磷环境的响应对策并发掘植物有效利用磷素资源提供了有效参考,在经济上和环保上均有非常现实的意义。

How plant adapts to low-phosphorus environment and makes effective use of soil phosphorus has become a hot spot both at home and abroad.This paper summarized biochemical and physiological changes in plant under low phosphorus,focus on four aspects of the molecular basis of these changesas follow.First,insoluble phosphorus actived by excreting acid phosphatase,RNase,and organic acids into soil,and then Absorption efficiency increased by changes of root system and expression of phosphate transporter.Next Phosphorus transportation to the shoot.Finally,Phosphorus recycling in plant.This paper further revealed the response of plants to low-phosphorus environment,and provides insights for plants to effectively use phosphorus,which is of great value in economics and environment protection.