水稻砷污染及其对砷的吸收和代谢机制

Arsenic contamination,uptake and metabolism in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

水稻是当今世界大部分地区(尤其是东南亚)的主要的粮食作物之一,同时也是砷(As)进入食物链的主要途径之一。日益严重的水稻田As污染,不但影响了稻米的产量和品质,而且通过食物链威胁着人体健康。如何减少水稻地上部(尤其是米粒)As的含量和降低其毒性,及提高水稻As耐性是亟需解决的世界食品安全问题。深入了解水稻对As的吸收、积累和代谢的生理及分子生物学机制是解决水稻As污染的关键途径。综述国内外研究,对今后深入研究提出建议。

Rice（Oryza sativa L.） is a staple food for people in most parts of the world,especially in Southeast Asia,and it is also one of the major sources of food chain arsenic（As） contamination.Accumulated As in paddy field soil not only reduces the yield and quality of rice,but it can also cause serious health problems through the food chain.Minimizing As concentration and its toxicity in grains and improving As tolerance of rice have become prominent and urgent problems.In this paper,research advances related to physiological and molecular mechanisms of As uptake,accumulation and metabolism by rice are reviewed.Suggestions for future research in this area are also presented.