The function of DNA topoisomerase IIβ in neuronal development

拓扑异构酶IIβ在神经发育中的作用(英文)

Type II DNA topoisomerases（Tops）are ATP-dependent enzymes that catalyze topological transformations of genomic DNA by the transport of one DNA double helix through another.In mammals,there are 2 isoforms of DNA Top II, termed Top IIβ and Top IIβ.The IIβ isoform is abundantly expressed in cells that have undergone the final cell division and are committed to differentiation into neuronal cells.In recent years,there have been accumulating studies showing the significant role of Top IIβ in neuronal development through regulating expression of certain genes in cells committed to the neuronal fate after the final division.These genes are involved in the processes of neuronal differentiation,migration,axon guidance and so on.The present review mainly focused on the research progress on the role of Top IIβ in neuronal development over the recent decades.

II型DNA拓扑异构酶是一类ATP依赖性酶,能引导双链DNA绕过另一个双链上的缺口来催化基因组DNA拓扑结构的改变。在哺乳动物中,II型DNA拓扑异构酶又分为α和β两个亚型。β亚型高表达于已完成终末分裂并能分化为神经细胞的一类细胞中。近年来,越来越多的研究表明拓扑异构酶IIβ在神经发育中有至关重要的作用。细胞进行终末分裂以后,拓扑异构酶IIβ能够调控决定神经命运的一些特定基因的表达。这些基因主要与神经分化、迁移以及轴突导向等过程相关。本文就近几十年内关于拓扑异构酶IIβ在神经发育中作用的研究进展进行综述。