郴州市1997-2009年肺结核流行趋势分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Trend of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Chenzhou from 1997 to 2009

目的分析郴州市肺结核疫情动态,为预防和控制肺结核提供科学依据。方法对13年间的肺结核疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果郴州市1997-2009年肺结核年均发病率为60.74/10万,从1997年的40.25/10万上升至2005年的84.66/10万,之后一直围绕80.00/10万高位波动,1997-2001、2002-2006和2007-2009年三个时段的年均发病率分别为39.40/10万、68.56/10万和83.70/10万,三时段发病率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3 063.40,P〈0.01）;发病主要集中在20-55岁,占总发病数的63.28%,男女发病比例为2.67：1;职业主要为农民、工人和学生,分别占总发病数的69.09%、7.04%和3.94%。结论郴州市肺结核发病率较高,且有上升趋势,应严格实施现代结核病控制策略（DOTS策略）,加强结核病控制项目管理,加大病人发现力度。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological trend of pulmonary tuberculosis（TB）in Chenzhou,and to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling TB. Method The epidemiological data of TB in Chenzhou during 13 years were analyzed by means of descriptive epidemiology study. Results The average annual incidence rate of TB was 60.74/100,000 from 1997 to 2009.The incidence rate of TB went up from 40.25/100,000 in 1997 to 84.66/100,000 in 2005,and it fluctuated in a high level around 80.00/100,000 from 2006 to 2009.The average annual incidence rate of TB was 39.40/100,000 during the first five years;however,it was 68.56/100,000 during the second five years and 83.70/100,000 during the last three years.The differences among the three periods were statistically significant（χ^2=3,063.40,P〈0.01）.TB patients aged between 20 and 55 years accounted for 63.28%,and the morbidity rate of men to women was 2.67 to 1.The occupational distribution showed that peasants,workers and students were the high-risk vocation,and they occupied 69.09%,7.04% and 3.94% of all the TB cases,respectively. Conclusions The incidence rate of TB was very high in Chenzhou,and it showed an upward trend.It is important to implement modern TB Control Strategy（DOTS Strategy） strictly and strengthen the management of the TB Control Programme.More efforts should be made in the case finding.