江黄颡(Pelteobagrus vachelli)和乌苏里拟鲿(Pseudobagrus ussuriensis)杂交F_1代形态差异

Morphometric differences of the hybrid F_1 of Pelteobagrus vachelli × Pseudobagrus ussuriensis

通过测定江黄颡雌、雄亲本,乌苏里拟鲿雌、雄亲本以及它们的正交F1代和反交F1代共6个实验鱼组合的形态和框架数据,运用卡方分析和多元分析方法,比较了杂交F1代与亲本之间的形态异同.可数性状卡方分析结果表明正、反交F1代与双亲在大部分可数性状上是一致的,但在胸鳍鳍条数上存在明显差异,胸鳍鳍条数可以作为区别杂交F1代与双亲的重要参数,在臀鳍和尾鳍性状上,杂交F1代与江黄颡亲本差异明显,而与乌苏里拟鲿亲本无差异.形态和框架数据的聚类分析结果表明,两亲本雌鱼组合与雄鱼组合之间、正交F1与反交F1实验鱼组合之间的形态最为接近,但正、反杂交F1代较其亲本性状出现了一定程度的多样化;主成分分析结果表明,6个组合的实验鱼在形态上的差别主要由鱼体体高的长度差异引起;以判别分析方法构建了6个判别方程,其综合判别率为97.9%.三种多元分析结果表明,正、反杂交F1代较其亲本形态产生了一定程度的差异,正、反杂交子代在形态上较接近于乌苏里拟鲿.

The morphological variations of the reciprocal F1 hybrids between Pelteobagrus vachelli and Pseudobagrus ussuriensis were analyzed by Chi-square analysis and multivariate data analysis methods based on the parameters of morphometric characters.The results of Chi-square analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between the reciprocal F1 hybrids and their parents,except for the number of pectoral fin.The number of pectoral fin can be used as an important parameter to discriminate the reciprocal F1 hybrids from their parents.In aspect of the characters of anal fin and caudal fin,there were significant differences between the reciprocal F1 hybrids and their parents of P.vachelli,but not significant between reciprocal F1 hybrids and their parents of P.ussuriensis.The results of cluster analysis have revealed that the morphometric characters of two female parent fish groups were much closer to the two male parent fish groups,as well to the reciprocal F1 hybrids groups.Principal component analysis showed that the morphological differences of six experimental fish groups were induced by length discrepancy of fish body depth.Discriminant analysis indicated that the total discriminant accuracy of the discriminant functions was 97.9% in the six experimental fish groups.All results showed that the reciprocal F1 hybrids appeared morphological diversity to some extent compared with their parents,and the reciprocal F1 hybrids were much closer to P.ussuriensis in the aspect of morphology.