极光粒子沉降研究:谱形式及其在极区大气中的传输

AURORAL PARTICLE PRECIPITATION AND ITS SPECTRA TRANSPORT IN THE ATMOSPHERE IN ANTARCTIC REGION

分析了近年来南极地区极光沉降粒子的卫星、火箭、地面观测和研究结果，分别给出了极光椭圆区、极盖区、南大西洋异常区和极尖／极隙区粒子沉降的形式来源和特点。并根据磁尾研究的新进展，提出极光粒子沉降谱存在另外两种形式谱：（１）κ分布谱；（２）κ分布加上一个或多个脉冲谱，这两种谱来源于磁尾中性片区（绝热区非绝热区）。南极不同的区域，极光粒子有不同的沉降特点。这些沉降对极区电离层产生极大的影响。根据带电粒子在磁化大气中运动的ＦｏｋｋｅｒＰｌａｎｋ 方程，利用带电粒子在大气中传输的电离理论，导出极光粒子谱在极区大气中传播的解析表达式，对各种极光粒子谱在极区中的演化规律加以分析。

Auroral precipation electron and proton fluxes and spectra are reviewed in the Antarctic region, those region includes auroral oval, polar cap, the south Atlantic anomaly(SAA), polar cusp/cleft. And two new auroral particle spectra are given based on recent' result of magnesphere study. One is kappa distribution spectra; the other is kappa distribution plus one or more monoenergetic electrons or ions spectra. the two kinds of particles precipation may source from magnetatil neutral sheet non adibatic region and adibatic region. And then an approximate analytic description of the energy spectrum of auroral electrons and ions at any atmosphere depth is derived for incident spectra of precipitation particles-such as Maxillian distribution; Velocity distribution; Kappa distribution; monoenergtic distribution spectra etc. These spectra transpoting in the atmosphere isillustrated vs altitude profiles.