新生儿静脉留置针不同置管及固定方法的效果分析

Comparison of different introcan-inserting and fixing method for neonates

目的提高新生儿头皮静脉留置针穿刺成功率和保留时间、降低穿刺部位皮肤不良反应发生率。方法将98例罹患不同疾病的新生儿随机分为观察组(50例)和对照组(48例),观察组采用穿刺见回血后右手拇指沿血管缓慢推进Y型软管座,同时右手示指指腹顶着鳍状针座前端向后退出部分针芯,用两条6～7 cm胶布分别从Y型软管座和留置针后端沿延长管的反向分别交叉固定于穿刺血管两侧。对照组采用穿刺见回血后将针芯退出2～5 mm,左手再连针带管将套管完全送入血管,右手将针芯全部退出。结果观察组静脉留置针穿刺成功率显著高于对照组,穿刺部位皮肤不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论改进方法可提高新生儿留置针穿刺成功率,减少穿刺部位皮肤不良反应。

Objective To improve success rate of insertion for peripheral neonatal scalp vein catheterization, to prolong catheter in- dwelling time, and to reduce adverse reaction at the puncture site. Methods Totally, 98 neonates with different diseases were ran- domly divided into an observation group of 50 and a control group of 48. During peripheral scalp vein catheterization, for the obser vation group, nurses slowly advanced the Y model canula seat with right thumb at the sight of blood return, and meanwhile they pressed against the fin-shaped needle seat with right index finger pulp to draw the needle back a little. After that, they utilized 2 pieces of 6-7cm long adhesive tapes to separately fix the Y model canula seat and the rear end of the flexible tube. For the control group, nurses drew back the needle 2-5 mm at the sight of blood return, then advanced the canula into the scalp vein with the left hand, and finally withdrew all the needle with the right hand. Results The success rate of insertion for peripheral neonatal scalp vein catheterization in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, with the rate of adverse reaction at the puncture site significantly lower than their counterparts （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The improved insertion method for peripheral neonatal scalp vein catheterization raises success rate of insertion, and reduces skin adverse reaction.