从向秀讨论“养生”到生命存在问题的哲学思考

Philosophical Thinking about Xiangxiu's Discussion on "Health Preservation" and Life Existence

养生在本质上不脱离对人类本质属性的思考,对养生问题的认识在一定程度上也就是对自我存在问题的哲学反省。养生的终极目的即在于实现个体人生的存在价值,使天赋的生命潜能彻底释放。老庄道家认为,人类的生命是一个自然的过程,生死的必然性不能人为改变。但是,人类可以顺应生命的自然规律,达到寿命的极限以得其天年。这一观念包含着尊重生理自然需求的认识,间接地表达了人生的幸福不能以牺牲性命为代价,而应当在珍惜生命的前提下实现自我人生的价值。

Health preservation in nature conforms to the thinking about human nature, and the understanding about health preservation is to some extent the philosophical reflections over self-existence. The ultimate purpose lies in the fulfillment of self- value and the release of gifted life potential. Taoists such as Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi believed that human life is a natural process, and as long as there is life, there is death. It cannot be changed by man. But, man could follow the natural law of life, and could live a long life. Such a concept not only contains the respect for natural physiological demand, but also indirectly shows that man could not pursue happiness at the expense of life, but should cherish life and fulfill self-value.