新品种北冰红单株留果量对果实品质和产量的影响

Effect of different cluster number per plant on fruit quality and yield of new variety Beibinghong

酿造冰红山葡萄酒新品种北冰红,采用行株距3.0 m×0.75 m小棚架栽培,进行了单株留果量试验。结果表明:随着单株留果量的增多,其产量、果穗上的小青粒和果实总酸含量大幅度增高,果穗和果粒重量、果实含糖量和出汁率降低,其中:单株保留30个果穗的植株表现产量低,保留90个果穗的试验树表现当年产量高,但由于树体负载量大,晚秋枝蔓不能充分成熟,导致第二年出现"歇树"和部分植株死蔓,比试验当年大幅度减产。而单株保留50～70个果穗的试验处理,果穗紧凑,小青粒少,糖酸含量适宜,试验当年及第二年产量适中,此留果量不仅可保证树体负载适量,正常生长发育和开花结果、稳产,还可保证果实品质。

Effects of different cluster number on quality and yield of Beibinghong was investigated with spacing 3 m x 0.75 m small scaffolding. The results showed that the yield, little green berries and total acid greatly increased, the clusters and berry weight, fruit sugar and juice yield decreased with the increasing of cluster numbers per plant. Yield of each plant with 30 clusters was low, while yield is high with 90 clusters, but shoots are not fully mature as load capacity in late autumn, leading to the condition called ＂rest tree＂ and a part of that plants dies in the next year. Each plant retain 50 -- 70 clusters experimental treatments, little green berries, sugar and acid content was suitable, production is moderate. The fruit quantity is not only to ensure the plant normal growth and blossom, but also ensure the fruit quality and brew quality wine.