摘要
Since Haruta et al. discovered that small gold nanoparticles finely dispersed on certain metal oxide supports can exhibit surprisingly high activity in CO oxidation below room temperature, heterogeneous catalysis by supported gold nanoparticles has attracted tremendous attention. The majority of publications deal with the preparation and characterization of conventional gold catalysts （e.g., Au/TiO2）, the use of gold catalysts in various catalytic reactions, as well as elucidation of the nature of the active sites and reaction mechanisms. In this overview, we highlight the development of novel supported gold catalysts from a materials perspective. Examples, mostly from those reported by our group, are given concerning the development of simple gold catalysts with single metal-support interfaces and heterostructured gold catalysts with complicated interfacial structures. Catalysts in the first category include active Au/SiO2 and Au/metal phosphate catalysts, and those in the second category include catalysts prepared by pre-modification of supports before loading gold, by post-modification of supported gold catalysts, or by simultaneous dispersion of gold and an inorganic component onto a support. CO oxidation has generally been employed as a probe reaction to screen the activities of these catalysts. These novel gold catalysts not only provide possibilities for applied catalysis, but also furnish grounds for fundamental research.
自从 Haruta 等。发现了细微地在支持能展出的某些金属氧化物上驱散的那小金 nanoparticles 在在房间温度下面的公司氧化的令人惊讶地高的活动，由支持的金 nanoparticles 的异构的催化作用吸引了巨大的注意。出版物的多数处理常规金催化剂的准备和描述(例如， Au/TiO2 ) ，在各种各样的催化反应的金催化剂的使用，以及活跃地点和反应机制的性质的说明。在这概述，我们从一个材料观点加亮新奇支持的金催化剂的发展。主要从我们的组报导的那些，例子与复杂界面的结构的单个金属支持接口和 heterostructured 金牌催化剂有关简单金催化剂的开发被给。在第一个范畴的催化剂包括活跃 Au/SiO2，在第二个范畴的 Au/metal 磷酸盐催化剂，和那些包括支持的修正前在装载黄金前准备的催化剂，由支持的金催化剂修正以后，或由黄金和一个无机的部件的同时的分散到支持上。公司氧化通常作为探查反应被采用了屏蔽这些催化剂的活动。这些新奇金催化剂不仅为应用催化作用提供可能性，而且为基本研究供应根据。
