基于聚类分析的足横弓承重类型及足底压力特征

Plantar pressure and load-bearing type of foot transverse arch based on clustering analysis

背景:研究表明足横弓的完整和稳定对足部功能的实现至关重要,前足过度承重是导致足横弓变形的主要因素,关于国人足横弓承重类型研究至今少有报道。目的:探讨步行时足部冲量峰值区域,区分足横弓承重类型,为足部损伤的预防和康复提供相关依据。方法:采用Footscan高频足底压力测试系统,对1000名女大学生自然行走时的动态足底压力分布进行测试分析,观察其步态及支撑期冲量、时相、足内外翻等指标。结果与结论:通过聚类分析,第1跖骨承重类型109例、第2、3跖骨承重类型213例、第3跖骨承重类型517例、第3、4跖骨承重类型161例。第1跖骨承重类型离地阶段时间百分比大于其他3类,差异具有显著性意义;第1跖骨承重类型在离地阶段过度足外翻的比例最大,第2,3跖骨,第3跖骨,第3,4跖骨承重类型的足外翻比例依次减小。基于足底压力分析,正常人步行时足横弓负重可分为4类承重类型,为解释足步行时的足部功能提供帮助,其中第1跖骨承重类型易前足发生足部损伤。

BACKGROUND：Foot transverse arch integrity and stability are crucial to fulfill the foot function.Forefoot excessive bearing is a main cause of foot transverse arch deformation.Studies on load-bearing type of foot transverse arch in China are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE：To explore the impulse peak regions of walking foot,to distinguish the load-bearing type of foot transverse arch,and to provide the basis for the prevention and recovery of foot injury.METHODS：The dynamic plantar pressure distribution of 1 000 female college students during natural walking were tested and analyzed by Footscan high frequency plantar pressure testing system.And the gait characteristics,impulse in support phase,time phase,strephenopodia and strephexopodia were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：According to cluster analysis,there were 109 cases of metatarsusⅠload-bearing type,213 cases of metatarsusⅡ/Ⅲ load-bearing type,517 cases of metatarsus Ⅲ load-bearing type,and 161 cases of metatarsus Ⅲ/Ⅳ load-bearing type.Time percentage of outside-ground phase in metatarsus Ⅰload-bearing type was greater than that in the three other types,and the different was significant.Strephexopodia proportion in metatarsusⅠ load-bearing type was the largest,and the proportion minished in order of metatarsusⅡ/Ⅲ,metatarsus Ⅲ and metatarsus Ⅲ/Ⅳ load-bearing types.According to plantar pressure analysis,there are 4 load-bearing types of foot transverse arch in natural walking human.Among them,the metatarsus Ⅰ load-bearing type is prone to endure forefoot injury.These findings will help to illustrate the walking foot function.