城市道路交通事故地点文字表述方法研究

Method of Urban Traffic Crash Location Record Description

法律文书和交通安全分析要求事故地点记录准确、规范。为规范事故地点记录,在总结国外事故地点记录的点-线法、无规范格式法、线性参照系法、经纬度坐标法基础上,结合国内城市事故定位工作的需求,提出基于线性参照系的"五要素"事故地点文字表述方法。针对城市复杂道路网络,在道路分类的基础上,结合现场记录要求定义和说明"五要素"(事故所在道路、路侧、参照点、方位、距离),最后提出基于"五要素"的文字组合表述方法和事故地点记录实施方案。事故地点"五要素"记录法可供各地在改进事故地点记录时借鉴以提高事故数据的规范性。

Legal instruments and traffic accidents analysis require precise and uniform traffic crash loca- tion records. In order to standardize the traffic crash location records, a linear referencing system-based five elements crash location record description method was worked out after due consideration of domestic city accident location needs and foreign traffic crash record methods which included Link-Node System, Unformatted method, Linear Refenncing System, Longitude ＆ Latitude System. According to the complex features of road network, based on the classification of Road, five essential elements （ road name, side of the road, referencing point, direction and distance） were defined and instructed for field operation. Final- ly, a five essential elements-based combination linguistic formulation method and a crash location record practical solution were proposed. In order to improve crash data collection, the proposed method can be applied by other cities.