调节C/N及添加菌剂与木酢液对园林绿化废弃物堆肥效果的影响

Effects of regulating of C/N ratio and adding different concentrations of microbe fungus and wood vinegar on composting of landscaping waste

为探究C/N、菌剂、木酢液三因子及菌剂与木酢液交互作用对堆肥腐熟效果的影响,寻求最佳堆肥效果的因子水平组合。本研究以园林绿化废弃物为主要原料,通过L9(34)正交设计,以鸡粪为C/N调理剂,菌剂和木酢液为添加剂进行堆肥试验,分析比较了各处理堆肥过程中温度、总有机碳、全氮、C/N、pH值、EC值、堆体体积等指标的变化情况,并以种子发芽率试验测定堆肥效果。结果表明,调节C/N比和添加适量菌剂与木酢液均能促使堆肥初温上升,高温期提前并延长,堆肥积温提高,发酵周期缩短,总有机碳降解量和总氮相对含量增加。适当调节C/N和添加适量菌剂均有利于堆肥pH值升高,防止EC值过高,而添加木酢液能明显降低堆肥pH与EC值。C/N、菌剂、木酢液、菌剂与木酢液交互作用对堆肥发芽指数的影响均达极显著水平,且影响效果表现为C/N>菌剂>木酢液。因素效应的差异显著性检验结果表明,C/N为30效果最好,0.4%菌剂与稀释500倍木酢液的交互作用最大,稀释50倍的木酢液对堆肥微生物活性存在一定的抑制作用。可见,基于种子发芽指数的园林绿化废弃物堆肥适宜参数组合为C/N 30+0.4%菌剂+稀释500倍木酢液。

In this study,to explore the effects of regulating of C/N ratio and adding different concentrations of microbe fungus and wood vinegar on composting of landscaping wastes,a compost test with all orthogonal experimental designed L9（34） was conducted.Based on the germination experiment,the impacts of C/N,wood vinegar,microbe fungus and the interaction of wood vinegar and microbe fungus on maturity of the compost were studied to get the optimum conditions of factor lever for composting.The variation trends in temperature,pH,EC,TOC,TN,C/N ratio and volume during composting of different composts were analyzed and compared.The results show that the proper adjustment of C/N ratio and addition of appropriate amounts of wood vinegar and microbe fungus are beneficial to raise the initial temperature,which can advance and prolong the period of high temperature,increase the accumulated temperature,shorten the composting period,degrade the total organic carbon and accumulate the total N.The proper adjustment of C/N ratio combined with adding the appropriate amount of microbe fungus is helpful to increase pH value and to prevent the high EC value,while the addition of wood vinegar could reduce pH value and EC value of composting products effectively.C/N,microbe fungus,wood vinegar and the interaction between microbe fungus and wood vinegar have very significant effects on germination index（P〈0.01） respectively.The effects of the three factors on the composting are in the order of C/N〉 microbe fungus 〉 wood vinegar.Multiple comparison of factor effects show that the optimum C/N ratio for the green waste composting is 30,and the interaction between 0.4% microbe fungus and 500 fold wood vinegar dilute solution is the best.A continuous restraint on the microbial activity could happen when spraying 50 fold wood vinegar dilute solution on the green waste compost.The optimal parameters on composting of the landscaping waste for germination index are C/N 30＋0.4% microbe fungus content ＋ 500 fold wood vinegar dilute solution.