我国芝麻主栽品种耐湿性鉴定分析

Evaluation of the Waterlogging Tolerance of the Main Sesame Cultivars in China

采用盛花期人工淹水胁迫36 h,对我国43个芝麻主栽品种的耐湿性进行鉴定,结果发现,湿害胁迫后,品种的正常株率在0～42.4%之间,平均为17.7%;湿害产量变化在0～95.4 g之间,平均为28.5 g,湿害造成产量减少44.8%～100%,平均减产81.3%;湿害产量与正常株率和湿害减产率显著相关,r分别为0.77和-0.64;品种的平均正常株率随育成时间先后而逐渐增大,北方品种耐湿性整体低于南方品种,国审(鉴)品种湿害产量高于省审(鉴)品种。鉴定结果表明,我国当前芝麻品种耐湿性普遍不高,相对而言,熊芝1号的正常株率较高,中芝13的湿害产量较高且湿害减产率较低。

In present study,43 main sesame cultivars from China were treated for their waterlogging tolerance. After 36 h waterlogging stress at full flowering stage, the percentage of normal plant of the cuhivars ranged from zero to 42.4% with average 17.7 % , and the average harvest yield decreased into 0 -95.4 g with average 28.5 g, about 0 - 55.2% of the yield of CK. The correlation coefficient between the harvest yield and the percentage of normal plant or the yield reduction percentage after treatment was 0.77 and - 0.64, respectively. The study also found the waterlogging tolerance of the southern cultivars was higher than those from northern regions, and the recent released cultivars had higher percentage of normal plant than the old cuhivars after treatment. In addition, the cultivars au- thorized by nation were better than those authorized by locations in yield after waterlogging stress. The study also in- dicated most of the present sesame cultivars were sensitive to waterlogging stress. Relatively, Xiongzhi No. 1 with higher percentage of normal plant,and Zhongzhi No. 13 with higher harvest yield after treatment may be useful in studying waterlogging tolerance.