一种能耗均衡的无线传感器网络分簇算法

Energy-balanced adaptive clustering algorithm for wireless sensor network

以无线传感器网络中的LEACH和HEED分簇算法为背景,提出一种基于能耗均衡的自适应网络分簇算法EBACA。算法的主要特点是传感器节点根据自身状态信息自主竞争簇头,簇头选择标准考虑了随机概率与节点剩余能量结合,并引入了节点能量预测和能量阈值;为均衡各个节点的能耗,通过重新规划时间片来调节节点的工作频率;为减少簇头的能量开销,簇头之间通过多跳方式将各个簇内收集到的数据发送给特定簇首节点,并由此簇首节点将整个网络收集的数据发送给基站。设计的目标是均衡网络能耗,进而最大化网络寿命。分析和仿真结果表明,相对于几种重要的分簇算法,如LEACH和HEED,EBACA在平衡节点能量消耗和延长网络寿命方面具有更优越的性能。

This paper presented an Energy-Balanced Adaptive Clustering Algorithm（EBACA） for Wireless Sensor Network（WSN） based on LEACH and HEED,in which a node,according to its status,independently made its decision to compete for acting as a cluster head.The cluster head selection criteria took account of both random probability and node residual energy,and introduced the combination of the node energy prediction and energy threshold.In order to balance energy consumption of each node,EBACA adjusted time slice to modify working frequency of each node.Furthermore,EBACA used the multi-hop manner for inter-cluster data transmission in order to save total energy consumption.A specialized cluster head node was responsible for collecting the data from other cluster head nodes,and then transmitted the aggregated data to the base station.Its objective was to balance the energy consumption and maximize the network lifetime.The analysis and simulation results show that EBACA provides more uniform energy consumption among nodes and can prolong network lifetime compared to LEACH and HEED.